He was awarded specialist accreditation in infectious diseases from the Ministry of Health Singapore and the Singapore Medical Council in 2001. He is also a Fellow of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore (FAMS) since 2005.

Prior to commencing private practice, Dr Kurup was a senior consultant in the Department of Infectious Diseases of Singapore General Hospital, clinical lecturer with the Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and an adjunct associate professor with the Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore (Duke-NUS). He continues to serve as a visiting consultant to the Department of Infectious Diseases, Singapore General Hospital.

He was at the forefront of infectious diseases outbreaks including the Nipah virus outbreak in 1999, the SARS epidemic in 2003 and the H1N1 pandemic of 2009. Being a former chair of the infection control committee of the Singapore General Hospital, Dr Kurup has also managed various other outbreaks and remains passionate about control of community and nosocomial infections. He has also served on several committees of the Ministry of Health primarily in the area of infection control.

He also has a keen interest in HIV medicine, which was the focus of his training stint at the University of California. He was also a former visiting consultant to infectious Diseases Department of Tan Tock Seng Hospital where he ran a HIV clinic at the Communicable Diseases Centre.

He is the current chair of the Chapter of Infectious Diseases Physicians, Academy of Medicine, Singapore where he continues to contribute to the development of the specialty in the country. He also serves as a member, panel of infectious diseases experts for COVID-19 vaccines and therapeutics, Health Science Authority (2020 to current), and is also a member of Workgroup for COVID-19 Therapeutics, National Centre for Infectious Diseases (2020 to current). He is the Chair of the Antibiotic Stewardship Committee, IHH Healthcare Singapore and continues to chair the Infection Control Committee of Mount Elizabeth Hospital (2012-2016, 2020 to current). He remains a representative to the National Antimicrobial Resistance Control Committee (NARCC) (2021 to current).

Given his keen interest in research throughout his career, he has over 85 scientific publications and abstracts to his credit in peer-reviewed professional publications including Clinical Infectious Diseases, New England Journal of Medicine, Journal of Clinical Microbiology, Emerging Infectious Diseases, European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases and American Journal of infection Control. He continues to present his abstracts at major infectious diseases related scientific meetings. He is a regular reviewer of various scientific publications including the Annals of Internal Medicine, American Journal of Infection Control and the Singapore Medical Journal. He has delivered numerous lectures locally, regionally and overseas.

Dr Kurup also does community outreach and relief work. In 2006, he helmed efforts by Singapore General Hospital to bring medical care and education to a disadvantaged neighbourhood. In 2005, he was part of a medical mission organized by Singhealth and the Sri Lanka Red Cross to bring medical relief to victims of the Asian Tsunami in Sri Lanka. He was awarded the Public Service Medal (COVID-19) in 2023. He was also awarded the NHG Team Recognition Award (TRA) Covid-19 – Winner and the President Commendation Award for the Workgroup for COVID-19 Therapeutics.